Yes — and electronic evidence is one of the most technically vulnerable categories of prosecution evidence precisely because strict legal conditions must be met before it can be admitted, and those conditions are frequently not fully satisfied. As criminal cases in Vadodara increasingly rely on CCTV footage, call detail records, WhatsApp messages, banking transaction logs, company email records, and digital forensic reports, knowing how to challenge such evidence is an essential part of criminal defence in the city's courts.

The governing framework is the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023, particularly Sections 61 to 63 BSA. Section 63 BSA (the successor to Section 65B of the Evidence Act) imposes a mandatory certificate requirement: without the correct certificate from the responsible official of the computer system that generated or stored the record, electronic evidence is generally inadmissible as secondary evidence. The Supreme Court confirmed this in Anvar P.V. v. P.K. Basheer and Arjun Panditrao Khotkar v. Kailash Kushanrao Gorantyal — the certificate is a condition precedent to admissibility, not a formality that can be waived. In Vadodara's courts, as elsewhere in Gujarat, this requirement is often incompletely met by prosecution agencies, and your counsel's first task is to examine whether the certificate is present, correctly executed by the right person, and covers the specific electronic record being tendered.

Beyond the certificate, substantive challenges are available. You can challenge the chain of custody — any gap in the documented trail from seizure of the device to production in court raises the possibility of tampering or substitution. You can challenge authenticity through metadata, timestamps, and hash values — asking whether the file produced in court is genuinely the original and unaltered version. In CCTV or video evidence cases, you can challenge system clock accuracy, camera angle and field of view, and whether the footage actually shows what the prosecution claims. In cases involving business or financial transactions in Vadodara's corporate sector, the integrity of server logs and database extracts must be verified. The criminal defence advocates at the Vadodara panel of Aapka Legal Advice with experience in digital evidence cases can analyse the prosecution's electronic material for all of these vulnerabilities.